If you’ve been contacted by social services and heard terms like Section 47 Investigation, Child in Need, or Child Protection Plan, you’re not alone in feeling unsure. These are key parts of the child protection system under public law proceedings in England and Wales,, and they often sound more intimidating than they need to be. This guide explains what they mean in simple terms and what you can expect if you’re going through them.

Understanding how these steps work can help you protect your rights as a parent or carer. It also prepares you for what might happen next, especially if the case could go to court.

What Is a Section 47 Investigation?

A Section 47 Investigation happens when the local authority believes a child may be at risk of significant harm. This could be due to physical abuse, neglect, emotional harm, or exposure to unsafe environments. The power to investigate comes from Section 47 of the Children Act 1989. The local authority is legally required to act when they receive a referral and suspect harm.

Referrals usually come from schools, healthcare workers, police, or concerned family members. For example, the school might report signs of neglect, or the police might raise concerns after a domestic incident.

During the investigation, a social worker will visit your home. They may also speak to your child and other people involved in their care, such as teachers or health visitors. The goal is to decide whether your child is safe and whether support or further action is needed.

It’s important to remember that a Section 47 Investigation does not mean your child will be taken away. However, it is a serious step, and full cooperation is crucial.

What Is a Child Protection Plan?

If the investigation shows that your child is still at risk of harm, the local authority may organise a Child Protection Conference. This is a meeting between professionals—like teachers, police officers, and health workers—who will all share information about your child.

If the group agrees that your child is at ongoing risk, they will put in place a Child Protection Plan. This is a structured plan designed to reduce risk and keep your child safe.

The plan will explain:

• What the concerns are

• What support will be given to your family

• What changes are expected from you

• How progress will be reviewed

Child Protection Plans can be made under different categories such as neglect, emotional harm (often linked to domestic abuse), physical harm, or sexual abuse. It is not a punishment. Rather, it is a way to help your family improve and give professionals a clear method to monitor your child’s wellbeing.

If things improve, the plan may be ended or downgraded. If concerns remain, the case could move into pre-proceedings, which is the stage before court action.

What Is a Child in Need Plan?

Not all cases lead to a Child Protection Plan. If your child is not at immediate risk but still needs extra help, the local authority may offer support under a Child in Need Plan.

This plan is often used when:

• A child has a disability

• The family is facing housing or money problems

• The child needs help with education or emotional wellbeing

Under this plan, social workers will work with other professionals to support your family. You will be invited to regular meetings to review progress. While it’s a less formal level of involvement, it still matters. If progress isn’t made, or if new concerns arise, the case can move to a Section 47 Investigation or a Child Protection Plan.

What Happens If Concerns Continue?

If the local authority feels that things are not improving under a Child Protection Plan—or if serious new concerns come up—they may move the case into pre-proceedings. This is a formal process where legal advice is strongly recommended.

You will receive a Letter Before Proceedings. This letter will explain the concerns and invite you to a meeting with social services and their legal team. It also tells you that you are entitled to free legal aid, no matter what your income is.

At the meeting, you’ll have the chance to work with a solicitor. You may be asked to attend parenting assessments, complete drug or alcohol tests, or take part in support services. This is your final chance to avoid the matter going to court. If the local authority remains concerned, they can apply for a Care Order or Supervision Order.

Do Parents Have a Say?

Yes, you do. Throughout the process, parents and carers have the right to:

• Attend all meetings

• Review and respond to written plans

• Suggest family members who could help care for the child

• Ask for support services

• Be represented by a solicitor

You can also ask the court for a court order for child protection help, such as contact arrangements or legal guidance. It’s essential to take part actively and to keep communication open with your solicitor and the professionals involved.

How Can a Solicitor Help?

Legal representation is vital. If you’re involved in a Section 47 Investigation or a Child Protection Plan, a solicitor will explain the process, represent your views, and help you understand your rights.

A solicitor can:

• Attend meetings with you

• Review the local authority’s concerns

• Help you prepare for assessments

• Suggest safe and appropriate family carers

• Advise you during pre-proceedings or court proceedings

Parents with parental responsibility automatically qualify for legal aid. This means you do not have to pay for legal support. In some cases, other relatives, like grandparents or family friends, may also be eligible if they are being assessed as potential carers.

Get Legal Advice Early

Early action makes a real difference. If you’ve been contacted by social services, involved in a Section 47 Investigation, or told that your child will be subject to a Child Protection Plan, seek legal advice immediately. Waiting could limit your options or make it harder to show progress.

At Berkson Family Law, we specialise in child protection, public law proceedings, and representing families across England and Wales. Our solicitors understand how difficult these situations are and will work with you to find the best outcome for your family.

Contact Berkson Family Law

If you’re dealing with social services or have received a letter from the local authority, don’t face it alone. Our team offers expert legal advice, clear communication, and strong representation at every stage.

Contact us today for a free, confidential consultation.
📞 0151 236 1234
📩 info@berksonfamilylaw.co.uk